eng Ansari Education and Research Society Journal of Ultra Scientist of Physical Sciences April 2009 21 1 207 210 jusps-B 1097 article S. R. Pandit 1 K.K.Mandal 2 S.S. Singh 3 P.G. Department of Physics, S.K.M., University, Dumka, Jharkhand (INDIA) Reaserch Scholar, Jharkhan (INDIA) Research Scholar, Bihar (INDIA) <p style="text-align: justify;">The study of thermopowers in metal has been the field of interest for the scientists since long. Mostly the convensional method for investigating the problem for thermopowers in metals are used. The presence of electric field alone the conductor results the electric current and the ratio of the current density to the electric field applied, in the absence of temperature gradient, defines the electrical conductivity of the metals considered. The presence of temperature gradient alone gives rise to the flow of heat. Further the discovery of electro-magnetic induction by Faraday suppressed the phenomena of thermoelectricity. The observed features of thermoelectric properties, reported in literature are very much complicated and anomalous. The standard theory generally fails to interpret them. These interpretations are also anomalous because they have no correlation among themselves. Moreover, they are unable to co-ordinate anomalous behaviors of other transport properties. In the present communication, an emphasis on the validity of free electron approximation in thermopowers in metals has been focused. The study also gives the qualitative picture of the various phenomenological behavior of free electron approximation in thermopowers in metal from thermo e.m.f.</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> https://ultraphysicalsciences.org/paper/1097/ Interpretation phenomenological behaviour qualitative picture anomalies irreversible theory